Optical apparatus



'March 24, 1931.. A. s. CAMERON 1,797,544

OPTICAL APPARATUS P Filed May 21. 192?z 3 sheets-sheet 1 March 24, 1931. Af s, CAMERON 1,797,544

OPTI CAL APPARATUS Filed May 2l, 19252 5 SheeLS-Sl'letl 2 by? a 5 V7 f4 i 2J /exmmer 5. 2m/eran March 24, 1931-. A. s CAMERON l 1,797,544

OPT I CAL APPARATUS Filed May 21. 1929" 5 sheets-sheet :5

9 l 4 J0 Am l 4f 45 1 f l 35 Il ,/J/zm Patented Mar. 24, 1931 i UNITED STATE-s APiirlzlw -ALnxANDEn s.- cAMEBoN, or

Application led May ,10 observed by' the patient, and the construction.

of the instrument issuch that the image is caused to move upon the screen inran unlimited variety of directions. Certain of theseinstrunents are employed to measure lathe patients form-fields, and 'color-fields, and also with the instrument the entire ocular "eld of the atient may be readily measured v and-charted). While the instrument is in motion that is, while it is projecting a mov- 2o/ ing image in 'a denite predetermined path or orbit, adjustment 'may be made, without stopping the movement, to 'alter`the iorm, length and angle or drectionof the path or orbit describedby the image on the screen. '25 vSuch an instrument, which'is .commercially and professionally known as avimyoculatorf is disclosed in an application for Ietters liatentof` the United States'that was filed by me January 18, 1928,' Serial No. 247 ,724, Y for an instrument for examining, testing,

and exercising the eyes. a

In the use of an instrument of this character, while moving the image in a given to and fro path upon the screen for exercising 'the eyes, it is desirable to project the image in color and to change the color of. the image.

' In connection with the foregoing instrument,` I have now providedmeans that will automatically change the color of the projeed 40 image while the same and the instrument lare l in motion. This is done regardless of the direction in which the image is being vreciprocated o n the screen or the speed at which it is moving. This permits the operator or. at-

tendant to adjust the instrume o r its prosjection tube to a desired angle and for a desired length ofmovement, and nafter Ystarting'the Yactuating or driving mechanism the attendant, need not give attention to the instrument because the proper color changes 'r olFlE cHIcGo, ILLINOIS, ssIGNon To WILLIAM J. cAnEno'N,

or CHICAGO, ILLINOISv oP'rIcAL Arranamus' 192s. serial no. 27a-274. c

will be-made duringthe movement-ofthe prolection tube. f The mechanism'which I have devised for performing 'the above-mentioned .functions J has numerous objects, among which .are,

effectiveness and dependability in perform- L construction,` simplicity and sturdin'ss n" th formationand-arrangement ofthe cessibility for'the purpose of adjustment,

' and the whole device is arranged, fabricated,

and lassembled 'in' a novel and 'economical manner, which permits the color-changing 'device beingxadded tolthe' instrument de@ A l fmanufacturing cost of the apparatus. The c scribed without materially lincreasing the` device is madey soythat it may be readily as sembled with the .instrument already on 'the market, and may be detached whenever its use is not needed.

vI prefer tolcarry out'my invention and to, accomplish the numerous bjects thereof in; substantially the manner ereinafter fully,

described and as more particularly .pointed out' in the claims, vreference being herein made to theaccompanying drawings that form a part of this specication. In the drawings instrument .for projecting -av moving image upon a screen, the view showing` my devices installed 4thereon forthe purpose of changin the color of the image that is projected.`

igure 2 is a fragmentary`-longitudinal section taken axially through the projection tuble and head, and drawn to anenlarged scae. f v

Figure 3 isv a verticall transverse section taken on line 3 3 of Fig. 2 and looking in the directionJ indicated'by the .arrows. Figure 4 is a vertical transverse .section on .tion indicated by the arrows..

igure 5 is a vertical transverse section on line. 5- -5 rof Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows. It will be understood the drawin s are more or less schematic for the purpose olisclosing a typical' or preferred embodiment of my invention, vand in said drawings I. have emline 4 4 of Figure 1 logking in the direc- Figure 1 is avertical side elevation of an 'jance, readiness of operation, durabilityxin ployed the same reference characters to designate like parts wherever they appear throughout the several views.

The projection tube is designated by the numeral 5 and at' or adjacent its inner end there is a housing 6 that is mounted by means of trunnions 7 upon the outer end of a pair of irregular shaped arms 8 that project fromy the operating head of the apparatus` that is in the form of a plate 9 of circular shape having a lateral peripheral iange or rim 10. The

head maybe moved through suitable mechavnism such as has been described in detail in my aforesaid copending application for Letters Patent Serial No. 247,724, and means are also provided for-reciprocating the housing and the projection tube, such means being also disclosed in detail in said application and will later be briefly described herein.

At the outer end of the housing is a cap that is internally screw threaded at its outer end to receive the adjacent externally thread- -screw threaded to receive the adjacent thread- Yed end of the projection tube 5 that is screwed therein so that it is supported thereby. In order to provide means for locking the diayphragm structure, which carries the color plates in the desired relation to the other part-s of the structure, I interpose a. threaded ring 15 between the outer end of the housing 6 and the shoulder 16 that is formed by reducing the collar to form the stub so that after the stub has been screwed a suitable distance into the housing and the operating arm has been properly positioned the structure may be locked by n screwing the ring against the end or cap of the housing. Handles 17 that project radially from the clamping ringhave been provided for convenience in turning the clamping ring in the manner described. The housing is hollow and is provided with-an electric socket 18 in which a bulb 19 is mounted and connection is made with asuitable source of electric current through the conductor cable 20.\ j

' The outer ehdof the housing is in thesform of a cap 21 that is screwed into the head and is provided centrally lwith an aperture 22 and upon diametrically opposite sides of the aperture are pivot screws 23' for mounting the 4shutters or screens 24 that are rotatably mounted so that they may be moved to V,differ-4 ent positions. There is a plurality of apertures or openings 25 arranged concentrically about the aXis of each shutter andthe periphi eral edges of the shutters are extended through transverse kslots inthe cap 21 so that the shutters may be rotated from the exterior of the honsing. As seen in Figure 5, the

shutters overlap and their apertures or openings are arranged so that they may be positioned in alinement with each other as well as in alinement with aperture 22 in the cap. The apertures 25 are in the form of cutout stencils formed in a variety of geometricand conventional shapes as suggested in Figure 5, so that images of dii'erent forms or shapes'may be projected on the scree to be observed by the patient. At one side of the interior of the cap there is aI boss 26 upon which a segmentally shaped ring 27 is secured intermediate the ends of the latter, and the ends of the spring are provided with lateral projections 2S that are adapted to seat in depressions 29 in the adjacent faces of the shutters so as to maintain the latter in their adjusted positions but at the same time permit of ytheir being readily rotated whenever it is desired to change the image.

The projection tube i's provided with a longitudinal slot 30 to permit the mounting and the longitudinal adjustment of the condensing lens unit carried by the ring 3l S0 that the light rays passing through the stencils maybe condensed and focused by the lens unit upon the screen to be there observed by the patient.

The projection structure is adapted to be reciprocated or swung upon the trunnions 7 by means of a slide mechanism mounted on the head, which slide mechanism is adjustable for the purpose of controlling the length of the movement of the outer end of the projection tube and the'parts are constructed and arranged so that this adjustment may be accomplished very readily while the tubel is in motion. Guide rods 32 are mounted in .parallel relation to each other on the rim or flange 10 of the head by means of set screws 33 so that they are slightly back of the edge of the Bange, and upon these rods` a spider 34 is slidably mounted which con- ,sists of a casting having guide bosses 35 projecting from one side through the bores of which the rods 32 are inserted. Intermeoiate the planes of the rods the spider has a pair of lateral lugs 36 between whichl a swivel block 37 is pivotally mounted by means of shouldered bolts 38. The swivel block has a. transverse bore 39 to receive the stud or length of the reciprocation (d the spider.

The head is rotatable upon its axis and by so doing the path described by the projection structure and the image projected upon the screen will be directedr at any angle of the ,three-hundred-sixty degrees (360) of a circle so that the path traveled by the image ing the tube upon its pivot, color plates pivr otally mounted Within said tube, an arm extending from said plates through said tube,

and a stationary member adjacent the arm and engaged thereby during the movement of the tube whereby to move the color plates successively in the path of light from the n lamp.

3. A device of the kind described comprising a support, a reciprocable tube fulcrumed thereon, a lamp Within said tube for projecting a light spot upon a screen, means for actuating said tube whereby to move the light spot upon the screen, an arm pivoted on said tube and extended into and out of the same,

a holder on the inner end of said arm, lightL modifiers supported by the holder and adapted to be alternately positioned inthe aXis of l the path of light, and a stop engaged by the outer portion of the arm during the movement of the tube whereby to alternately shift the 'iight projector to move the modiers across the path of light. 1

7 A deviceof the kind described comprising a mobile image-projector, means Lor moving the projector to move the image upon a screen, a holder within said projector, light modifiers carried by said holder,v said projector having a lateral aperture adjacent said,

holder, an arm vfulcrumed intermediate its ends in said aperture and connected at., its inner end to said holder, and a stop engaged by the outer portion of said arm during movement of the projector to move the modifiers lalternately into the path of light.

Signed at Chicago, in the countyA of Cook, and State of Illinois, this 30th day of April, 1928. Y

ALEXANDER S. CAMERON. l

said light modifiers While the tube is in motion. L

-, 4. A'device of the kind described comprising a mobile' light tube, means adapted to "move said tube for projecting a moving image upon a screen, and means for changing the color of the image While in motion, said means consisting of a pair of plates of dierent c olors movable across the path of light, a swinging arm on which said platesare supported modifiers supported by the kholder and adaptto be engaged by the arm during movement of the tube to alternately move the plates into the axis of the path of light.

5. A device of the kind described comprising a mobile image-proj ector, means for moving the projector to move the image upon" a screen, a holder pivoted on the projector for reciprocable movement, lightmodiiers 6. A device of the kind described comprising a mobile image-projectonmeans for movi ing the projector to move the image upon a screen, a holder Within said projector and pivoted thereon for reciprocable movement,

light modifiers carried by said holder, an

arm on said holder that extends outside said projector, and a stop engaged by the'outer portion of said arm during movement of the 

